Effects of Urea Feeding on Milk Characteristics of Baladi Goats

Effects of Urea Feeding on Milk Characteristics of Baladi Goats

Jamal Abo Omar, Hassan Abu Qaoud, Hatim Shanti

Faculty of Agriculture, An-Najah N. University-Nablus, Palestine.

Received : 00-00-0000 , Accepted : 00-00-0000

Language: Arabic

Abstract

Two feeding trials were conducted on local goats to investigate the effect of urea on both quantity and quality of milk. In the first trial, two groups of lactating goats were fed similar commercial feed plus 1% urea in the feed of one group. In the second trial, same number of pregnant goats were used to investigate urea feeding on colostrum and milk quality. Urea addition in experiment 1 had no significant effect on total milk production, total milk protein, casein, but significantly (P<.05) increased total solids and milk fat. In the second experiment, urea had similar effects as in the first experiment. Colostrum composition was not affected by urea treatment.

Full Text

Construction of MIM Diodes Suitable for Use in FIR Generation By Mixing Two Carbon Dioxide Laser Beams

Construction of MIM Diodes Suitable for Use in FIR Generation By Mixing Two Carbon Dioxide Laser Beams

Mohammad Abu-Taha

Physics Department, College of Science and Technology, Al-Quds Univ., Jerusalem, Palestine

Received : 00-00-0000 , Accepted : 00-00-0000

Language: English

Abstract

Metal Insulator Metal (MIM) diodes have been constructed with a tungsten whisker making contact with different post materials such as nickle, brass, carbon, stainless steel, aluminum and tungsten. The 1-V characteristics of these diodes have been studied. It was found that 2 mm section cut from a shaving blade held against a polished carbon post showed similar I-V characteristics to the previous diodes. Resistances of these diodes were found to vary between 0.1-1k The use of MIM diodes for CO2 laser mixing is briefly discussed.

Full Text

Comparative Analysis of Techniques for Solving the Hydraulics of Pressurized Irrigation Pipe Networks

Comparative Analysis of Techniques for Solving the Hydraulics of Pressurized Irrigation Pipe Networks

Numan Mizyed

Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, An-Najah N. Univ., Nablus, Palestine.

Received : 00-00-0000 , Accepted : 00-00-0000

Language: English

Abstract

This study presents a comparative analysis for three techniques in analyzing the hydraulics of pressurized irrigation systems: Linear Theory, Newton Raphson, and Iterative Distal Outlet. It was found that the iterative distal outlet method uses less computer time and memory than Newton Raphson and Linear theory methods in analyzing the hydraulics of pressurized irrigation systems. The study shows that using an approximate initial solution for such systems, which can be obtained using Wu-Gitlin approach, will significantly improve the convergence rate of this iterative method as well as the other methods.

Full Text

The Effect of Monensin, Lasalocid and a Monensin/Lasalocid Rotation of Fungal Population in the Rumen of Concentrate and Roughage Fed Steers

The Effect of Monensin, Lasalocid and a Monensin/Lasalocid Rotation of Fungal Population in the Rumen of Concentrate and Roughage Fed Steers

Jamal Abo-Omar

Assistant Professor, Dept of Animal Production, An-Najah N. University, Nablus

Received : 00-00-0000 , Accepted : 00-00-0000

Language: English

Abstract

Two studies using three ruminally cannulated beef steers in the first one fed a roughage diet (98% chopped alfalfa at maintenance) and 12 beef steers in the second fed limited ration (85% adlib intake) composed of 90% concentrate diet (80% cracked corn, 10% soybean meal), and 10% chopped alfalfa were allotted to treatment groups receiving a supplement of either monensin / tylan (m27.5 ppm / 11 ppm), lasalocid (33 ppm) or a daily rotation of the two ionophores to examine the effect of the ionophores on rumen population of anaerobic fungi over time and the relationship between fungal numbers and methane production. In the first study, nylon bags containing leaf blades of 5mm length were incubated for 24 hrs in the rumen. Samples were counted on days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 14, 16, 21, 22, 23, 24, and 28 Fungi sporangia on blades were counted microscopically (00x). Study 2, steers were assigned as above and after methane production was measured using indirect respiration calorimetry, samples of rumen contents were collected by stomach tube pretreatment, and on days 2, S, 16, and 45 after initiation of ionophore treatments. Differences of fungi numbers over time and between treatments were not significant, yet, there was a trend of initial ionophore inhibition on fungi with limited evidence of adaptation over time there was a positive correlation (P <>

Full Text

Indoor Radon Concentration Measurements At Hebron University Campus :A Case Study

Indoor Radon Concentration Measurements At Hebron University Campus :A Case Study

Fakhri I. Hasan

Associate Professor, Physics Department, Hebron University, Hebron

Received : 00-00-0000 , Accepted : 00-00-0000

Language: English

Abstract

TASTRAK, a solid state nuclear track detector has been used to measure indoor radon concentrations at Hebron University. Fifty- four radon pot detectors were mounted in the four university buildings. It was found that the radon concentrations vary considerably from about 1 Bq/m 3 to 250 Bq/m3 The average radon concentrations vary from 20.5 Bq/m3 in the Main Building to 41.3 Bq/m3 in the Agriculture Building. The average radon concentration in the four buildings is found to be 29.8 Bq/m 3. This leads to an average effective dose equivalent of 1.49 mSvly. This dose is slightly higher than the global value of 1.3 mSv/y. Elevated radon concentrations have been found in few rooms. However, these concentrations are well below the action level of 150 Bq/m3.

Full Text

Evaluation of the Stiffness Matrix of an Indeterminate Truss Using Minimization Techniques

Evaluation of the Stiffness Matrix of an Indeterminate Truss Using Minimization Techniques

Samir H. Helou

Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering, An-Najah National University, Nablus.

Received : 00-00-0000 , Accepted : 00-00-0000

Language: English

Abstract

For an existing reinforced concrete or steel structure the evaluation of the stiffness matrix may be hampered by certain physical limitations such as material deterioration resulting from prolonged use an adverse or in a corrosive environment. The following is a method that allows the determination of the member stiffness of an indeterminate truss through a minimization technique of a properly constructed Error Function. Thus exact sectional and material properties do not have to be known a priori.

Full Text

Cluster Catalysis of Olefin Hydrosilylation and Isomerization Thermal Reaction Using Co4(Co)10(PPh)2

Cluster Catalysis of Olefin Hydrosilylation and Isomerization Thermal Reaction Using Co4(Co)10(PPh)2

Waheed J. Jondi

Assistant Professor Dept. of Chem., An-Najah N. University, Nablus.

Received : 00-00-0000 , Accepted : 00-00-0000

Language: English

Abstract

The cobalt cluster [Co4(C0)10(PPh)2], 1/~, has been evaluated as a catalyst for 1-octene thermal hydrosilylation and isomerization reactions. The kinetics indicates that the hydrosilylation reaction occurs via cluster catalysis at temperatures ranging from 50-70°c. The 1 - octene isomerization was selective to trans-2-octene only. The kinetics indicates that at 50°c or lower isomerization reaction occurs via cluster catalysis whereas at 70°c or higher catalysis by lower nuclearity species is involved. The effects of solvent silane temperature and catalyst and reactant concentrations on the rates of hydrosilylation and isomerization reactions have been investigated. Plausible mechanisms based on experimental data have been proposed.

Full Text